Operational Amplifier - Voltage Follower Simulator

A voltage follower is a unity-gain buffer amplifier with high input impedance and low output impedance.

Circuit Diagram

Vout = Vin × 1

Simulation Controls

1 Hz
1 V
0 %
1.0

Signal Visualization

Input Signal
Output Signal

About Voltage Followers

A voltage follower (also called a buffer amplifier) is a special case of a non-inverting amplifier with a gain of 1. It provides:

  • High input impedance: Prevents loading of the input source
  • Low output impedance: Allows driving of heavy loads
  • Unity gain: Output voltage equals input voltage (Vout = Vin)

Voltage followers are commonly used for impedance matching, isolation between stages, and as buffers for sensitive signals.

In the ideal case, the output exactly follows the input. In practice, there may be slight deviations due to:

  • Input bias currents
  • Input offset voltages
  • Common-mode rejection ratio (CMRR) limitations
  • Finite open-loop gain